Section
Leadership Development
What leadership programmes cost, what they change, and how the effect is measured.
- Leadership Development
Is 360-degree feedback worth what it costs?
The largest meta-analysis of leadership training found no advantage for 360-degree feedback over feedback from a single source, on any outcome it could test.
- Leadership Development
How much do employers actually spend to train one person?
Across the EU, employers spent 1,433 euro per training participant in 2020, against 1,488 in 2005. Adjusted for inflation that is a fall of 24 percent.
- Leadership Development
Does leadership training work, and what does it change?
A meta-analysis of 335 samples found leadership training improves on-the-job behaviour with a corrected effect of 0.82, the largest of the four outcomes it measured.
- Leadership Development
How do you measure whether a leadership programme worked?
The four-level model behind most evaluation dates from 1959 and the levels do not predict each other. A programme can score well on three of them and change nothing.
- Leadership Development
What do firms of different sizes spend on training?
Large European employers spend 859 euro per head of workforce on training. Firms with 10 to 49 staff spend 342. The participation gap is wider than the money gap.
